Program Design Tools

Different program design tools are:

Algorithm:
An Algorithm is the well-defined steps for performing a task or solving a problem. It includes a number of steps sequentially that are used to solve a problem.
Algorithm to find the sum of three numbers:
Step 1: Start.
Step 2: Read the three numbers suppose “a”, “b”, and “c” from the user.
Step 3: Declared a variable “sum”.
Step 4: sum=a+b+c;
Step 5: Display “sum “.
Step 6: Stop.

Flowchart:
Flowchart is the graphical representation of the logical sequence of steps involved in programming. Advantages of the Flowchart are:
• Flowchart is a better way of communicating the logic.
• Flowchart acts as guide or blueprint during system analysis.
• Flowchart help in debugging process.

Symbol used in Flowchart

Flowchart to find the average of three numbers:

Pseudocode:
Pseudocode is an informal language used to express the flow of a program. The programming process is a complicated one. So, one must first understand the program specification and organize the thoughts to create the program.

Differences between algorithm and flowchart

The Differences between algorithm and flowchart are:

Algorithm	Flowchart
1. Algorithm is the well-defined steps for performing a task or solving a problem.	1. Flowchart is a graphical representation of the logical sequence of steps involved in programming.
2. Algorithm is written in different steps.	2. Flowchart is shown in the figure.
3. Algorithm is more difficult to understand than the flowchart.	3. Flowchart is easier to understand than the algorithm.

Difference between system flowchart and program flowchart.

The differences between system flowchart and program flowchart are:

System flowchart	Program flowchart
1. System flowchart deals with the functionality of the entire system.	1. Program flowchart deals with how the particular program works.
2. It is hard to understand.	2. It is easy to understand.
3. It shows the data flow of a system.	3. It shows the instruction flow of a program.

Program Control Structure
It defines the order in which the program is executing.
It can be categorized as follows:
• Sequence
• Selection
• Iteration

Sequence:
Sequence structure consists of operations that will execute one after another serially.

Selection/Conditional/Branching:
It helps in decision-making as it allows the operations to execute as per conditions. During execution, it gives the boolean result(true or false) and as per the result, certain operations get executed.

Iteration(looping):
Iteration is a control structure to repeat a specific operation a certain number of times.